Q: What are the side effects of different types of birth control?
A: There are many types of birth control. Check out a photo of the different types below. You can also visit www.teenconnecttampabay.org/birth-control-methods for more information and links to additional resources.
The most commonly taken form of birth control is birth control pills. Taking modern birth control pills does NOT cause weight gain or cancer. Some side-effects that can occur initially that resolve afterwards include breast tenderness, nausea, and bloating. There is some increased risk of blood clots, but becoming pregnant increases your risk as well. Some types of birth control pills are not good for those with migraines. Consult with your doctor.
The patch and ring have similar hormonal side effects. You can also get a rash at the site of placement with the patch. The ring cannot get lost in your vagina. You can get some extra vaginal discharge with the ring for a few cycles, and the discharge may go back to normal.
The shot can cause irregular bleeding, especially for the first 6-12 months (This could mean longer, heavier periods, or spotting in between periods.) There can also be a change in appetite or weight gain. It’s common for some women to gain 5 pounds in the first year.
The implant can also cause irregular bleeding, especially for the first 6-12 months. Some women have irregular bleeding the whole time the implant is in.
The IUD can also cause spotting between periods (especially during the first few months after you get an IUD). There can be increased period flow (for users of the Paragard brand). You can get cramps and backaches.
Talk to your doctor and your parents or a trusted adult who can help you choose the best option when you’re ready. If you do not have a doctor, visit our Searchable Directory to find a health clinic near you!
Amy Weiss, MD, MPH, adolescent medicine specialist at the Ybor Youth Clinic
Medical Director, TGH+USF Adolescent Bariatric Program and Interim Chief, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, USF Health
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